Effect of mobile phone use on metal ion release from fixed orthodontic appliances.

Bron 1: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26038076
2015
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015 Jun;147(6):719-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.01.023.

Effect of mobile phone use on metal ion release from fixed orthodontic appliances.
Saghiri MA1, Orangi J2, Asatourian A3, Mehriar P4, Sheibani N5.
1Research associate, Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Electronic address: saghiri@wisc.edu.
2Researcher, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
3Clinical instructor, Department of Dental Materials, Kamal Asgar Research Center, Shiraz, Iran.
4Resident of advance education in general dentistry (AEGD), Florida Institute for Advanced Dental Education, Miami, Fla.
5Professor, Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones on the level of nickel in saliva.

METHODS:
Fifty healthy patients with fixed orthodontic appliances were asked not to use their cell phones for a week, and their saliva samples were taken at the end of the week (control group). The patients recorded their time of mobile phone usage during the next week and returned for a second saliva collection (experimental group). Samples at both times were taken between 8:00 and 10:00 pm, and the nickel levels were measured. Two-tailed paired-samples t test, linear regression, independent t test, and 1-way analysis of variance were used for data analysis.

RESULTS:
The 2-tailed paired-samples t test showed significant differences between the levels of nickel in the control and experimental groups (t 49 = 9.967; P <0.001). The linear regression test showed a significant relationship between mobile phone usage time and the nickel release (F 1, 48 = 60.263; P <0.001; R(2) = 0.577).

CONCLUSIONS:
Mobile phone usage has a time-dependent influence on the concentration of nickel in the saliva of patients with orthodontic appliances.



Bron 2: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18819554
2008
Pak J Biol Sci. 2008 Apr 15;11(8):1142-6.

Mercury release from dental amalgam restorations after magnetic resonance imaging and following mobile phone use.

Mortazavi SM1, Daiee E, Yazdi A, Khiabani K, Kavousi A, Vazirinejad R, Behnejad B, Ghasemi M, Mood MB.
1Department of Medical Physics, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Abstract
In the 1st phase of this study, thirty patients were investigated. Five milliliter stimulated saliva was collected just before and after MRI. The magnetic flux density was 0.23 T and the duration of exposure of patients to magnetic field was 30 minutes. In the 2nd phase, fourteen female healthy University students who had not used mobile phones before the study and did not have any previous amalgam restorations were investigated. Dental amalgam restoration was performed for all 14 students. Their urine samples were collected before amalgam restoration and at days 1, 2, 3 and 4 after restoration. The mean +/- SD saliva Hg concentrations of the patients before and after MRI were 8.6 +/- 3.0 and 11.3 +/- 5.3 microg L(-1), respectively (p < 0.01). A statistical significant (p < 0.05) higher concentration was observed in the students used mobile phone. The mean +/- SE urinary Hg concentrations of the students who used mobile phones were 2.43 +/- 0.25, 2.71 +/- 0.27, 3.79 +/- 0.25, 4.8 +/- 0.27 and 4.5 +/- 0.32 microg L(-1) before the amalgam restoration and at days 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Whereas the respective Hg concentrations in the controls, were 2.07 +/- 0.22, 2.34 +/- 0.30, 2.51 +/- 0.25, 2.66 +/- 0.24 and 2.76 +/- 0.32 microg L(-1). It appears that MRI and microwave radiation emitted from mobile phones significantly release mercury from dental amalgam restoration. Further research is needed to clarify whether other common sources of electromagnetic field exposure may cause alterations in dental amalgam and accelerate the release of mercury.



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